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Development and application of ex-situ presulfurization technology for hydrotreating catalysts in China

Yulan GAO, Xiangchen FANG, Zhenmin CHENG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 287-296 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0529-2

摘要： The development and application of ex-situ presulfurization (EPRES) technology for hydrotreating catalysts has been reviewed in the present article. The studies in laboratory scale and commercial practice indicated that the adoption of the EPRES catalyst in industrial application can significantly enhance the degree of presulfurization of metal oxide components, shorten the start-up period, and effectively reduce the environmental impact as well as the danger of start-up procedure in industrial hydrotreating unit. This catalyst has been proved to be versatile for different types of hydrogenation reactions. Different types of active site models are also discussed for better understanding the nature of presulfurized catalysts.

关键词： ex-situ presulfurization     in situ presulfurization     hydrotreating catalyst     sulfur utilization ratio    

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An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

S. ASADI, M. PAKIZEH, M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 362-371 doi: 10.1007/s11705-011-1106-z

摘要： In a modern day sulfur recovery unit (SRU), hydrogen sulfide (H S) is converted to elemental sulfur using a modified Claus unit. A process simulator called TSWEET has been used to consider the Claus process. The effect of the H S concentration, the H S/CO ratio, the input air flow rate, the acid gas flow of the acid gas (AG) splitter and the temperature of the acid gas feed at three different oxygen concentrations (in the air input) on the main burner temperature have been studied. Also the effects of the tail gas ratio and the catalytic bed type on the sulfur recovery were studied. The bed temperatures were optimized in order to enhance the sulfur recovery for a given acid gas feed and air input. Initially when the fraction of AG splitter flow to the main burner was increased, the temperature of the main burner increased to a maximum but then decreased sharply when the flow fraction was further increased; this was true for all three concentrations of oxygen. However, if three other parameters (the concentration of H S, the ratio H S/CO and the flow rate of air) were increased, the temperature of the main burner increased monotonically. This increase had different slopes depending on the oxygen concentration in the input air. But, by increasing the temperature of the acid gas feed, the temperature of the main burner decreased. In general, the concentration of oxygen in the input air into the Claus unit had little effect on the temperature of the main burner (This is true for all parameters). The optimal catalytic bed temperature, tail gas ratio and type of catalytic bed were also determined and these conditions are a minimum temperature of 300°C, a ratio of 2.0 and a hydrolysing Claus bed.

关键词： Claus unit     concentration of H2S     tail gas ratio     sulfur recovery     catalytic bed    

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amino-functionalized University of Oslo 66 membranes as efficacious polysulfide barriers for lithium−sulfur

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 194-205 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2206-7

摘要： The shuttle effect of soluble polysulfides is a serious problem impeding the development of lithium−sulfur batteries. Herein, continuous amino-functionalized University of Oslo 66 membranes supported on carbon nanotube films are proposed as ion-permselective interlayers that overcome these issues and show outstanding suppression of the polysulfide shuttle effect. The proposed membrane material has appropriately sized pores, and can act as ionic sieves and serve as barriers to polysulfides transport while allowing the passage of lithium ions during electrochemical cycles, thereby validly preventing the shuttling of polysulfides. Moreover, a fast catalytic conversion of polysulfides is also achieved with the as-developed interlayer. Therefore, lithium−sulfur batteries with this interlayer show a desirable initial capacity of 999.21 mAh·g–1 at 1 C and a durable cyclic stability with a decay rate of only 0.04% per cycle over 300 cycles. Moreover, a high area capacity of 4.82 mAh·cm–2 is also obtained even under increased sulfur loading (5.12 mg·cm–2) and a lean-electrolyte condition (E/S = 4.8 μL·mg–1).

关键词： lithium−sulfur batteries     amino-functionalized University of Oslo 66 membrane     polysulfide     interlayer    

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Tuning nitrogen defects and doping sulfur in carbon nitride for enhanced visible light photocatalytic

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第1期   页码 93-101 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2175-x

摘要： Defect construction and heteroatom doping are effective strategies for improving photocatalytic activity of carbon nitride (g-C3N4). In this work, N defects were successfully prepared via cold plasma. High-energy electrons generated by plasma can produce N defects and embed sulfur atoms into g-C3N4. The N defects obviously promoted photocatalytic degradation performance that was 7.5 times higher than that of pure g-C3N4. The concentration of N defects can be tuned by different power and time of plasma. With the increase in N defects, the photocatalytic activity showed a volcanic trend. The g-C3N4 with moderate concentration of N defects exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity. S-doped g-C3N4 exhibited 11.25 times higher photocatalytic activity than pure g-C3N4. It provided extra active sites for photocatalytic reaction and improved stability of N defects. The N vacancy-enriched and S-doped g-C3N4 are beneficial for widening absorption edge and improving the separation efficiency of electron and holes.

关键词： g-C3N4     nitrogen defect     sulfur doping     photodegradation     plasma    

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Theoretical study on the mechanism of sulfur migration to gas in the pyrolysis of benzothiophene

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 334-346 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2209-4

摘要： The release and control of sulfur species in the pyrolysis of fossil fuels and solid wastes have attracted attention worldwide. Particularly, thiophene derivatives are important intermediates for the sulfur gas release from organic sulfur, but the underlying migration mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, the mechanism of sulfur migration during the release of sulfur-containing radicals in benzothiophene pyrolysis was explored through quantum chemistry modeling. The C1-to-C2 H-transfer has the lowest energy barrier of 269.9 kJ·mol–1 and the highest rate constant at low temperatures, while the elevated temperature is beneficial for C−S bond homolysis. 2-Ethynylbenzenethiol is the key intermediate for the formation of S and SH radicals with the overall energy barriers of 408.0 and 498.7 kJ·mol–1 in favorable pathways. The generation of CS radicals is relatively difficult because of the high energy barrier (551.8 kJ·mol–1). However, it can be significantly promoted by high temperatures, where the rate constant exceeds that for S radical generation above 930 °C. Consequently, the strong competitiveness of S and SH radicals results in abundant H2S during benzothiophene pyrolysis, and the high temperature is more beneficial for CS2 generation from CS radicals. This study lays a foundation for elucidating sulfur migration mechanisms and furthering the development of pyrolysis techniques.

关键词： benzothiophene     sulfur migration     pyrolysis     density functional theory    

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Deciphering the effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket treatment of synthetic sulfate-containing wastewater

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1385-z

摘要：

• UASB reactor can work efficiently with high COD/SO42- ratios when SDBS exists.

关键词： Up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket     Organic sulfur     Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate     COD/SO42− ratio     Microbial community    

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Kombucha SCOBY-based carbon and graphene oxide wrapped sulfur/polyacrylonitrile as a high-capacity cathodein lithium-sulfur batteries

Krishnaveni Kalaiappan, Subadevi Rengapillai, Sivakumar Marimuthu, Raja Murugan, Premkumar Thiru

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 976-987 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1897-x

摘要： Hierarchically-porous carbon nano sheets were prepared as a conductive additive for sulfur/polyacrylonitrile (S/PAN) composite cathodes using a simple heat treatment. In this study, kombucha (that was derived from symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast) carbon (KC) and graphene oxide (GO) were used as a carbon host matrix. These rational-designed S/PAN/KC/GO hybrid composites greatly suppress the diffusion of polysulfides by providing strong physical and chemical adsorption. The cathode delivered an initial discharge capacity of 1652 mAh·g at a 0.1 C rate and a 100 cycle capacity of 1193 mAh·g . The nano sheets with embedded hierarchical pores create a conductive network that provide effective electron transfer and fast electrochemical kinetics. Further, the nitrogen component of PAN can raise the affinity/interaction of the carbon host with lithium polysulfides, supporting the cyclic performance. The results exploit the cumulative contribution of both the conductive carbon matrix and PAN in the enhanced performance of the positive electrode.

关键词： sulfur cathode     kombucha SCOBY     graphene oxide     polyacrylonitrile     lithium-sulfur battery    

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Denitrification performance and sulfur resistance mechanism of Sm–Mn catalyst for low temperature NH-SCR

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第5期   页码 617-633 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2258-8

摘要： MnOx and Sm–Mn catalysts were prepared with the coprecipitation method, and they showed excellent activities and sulfur resistances for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by NH3 between 50 and 300 °C in the presence of excess oxygen. 0.10Sm–Mn catalyst indicated better catalytic activity and sulfur resistance. Additionally, the Sm doping led to multi-aspect impacts on the phases, morphology structures, gas adsorption, reactions process, and specific surface areas. Therefore, it significantly enhances the NO conversion, N2 selectivity, and sulfur resistance. Based on various experimental characterization results, the reaction mechanism of catalysts and the effect of SO2 on the reaction process about the catalysts were extensively explored. For 0.10Sm–Mn catalyst, manganese sulfate and sulfur ammonium cannot be generated broadly under the influence of SO2 and the amount of surface adsorbed oxygen. The Bronsted acid sites strengthen significantly due to the addition of SO2, enhancing the sulfur resistance of the 0.10Sm–Mn catalyst.

关键词： MnOx     Sm–Mn     catalyst     NH3-SCR     sulfur resistance    

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zirconium-based metal-organic framework-801 films on carbon cloth as shuttle-inhibiting interlayers for lithium-sulfur

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期   页码 511-522 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2068-4

摘要： Lithium-sulfur batteries have been regarded as the next-generation rechargeable batteries due to their high theoretical energy density and specific capacity. Nevertheless, the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides has hindered the development of lithium-sulfur batteries. Herein, a novel zirconium-based metal-organic framework-801 film on carbon cloth was developed as a versatile interlayer for lithium-sulfur batteries. This interlayer has a hierarchical porous structure, suitable for the immobilization of lithium polysulfides and accommodating volume expansion on cycling. Moreover, the MOF-801 material is capable of strongly adsorbing lithium polysulfides and promoting their catalytic conversion, which can be enhanced by the abundant active sites provided by the continuous structure of the MOF-801 films. Based on the above advantages, the lithium-sulfur battery, with the proposed interlayer, delivers an initial discharge capacity of 927 mAh·g–1 at 1 C with an extremely low decay rate of 0.04% over 500 cycles. Additionally, a high area capacity of 4.3 mAh·cm–2 can be achieved under increased S loading.

关键词： lithium-sulfur batteries     metal-organic framework-801 film     interlayer     shuttle effect    

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Effects of sulfur on variations in the chemical speciation of heavy metals from fly ash glass

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1728-7

摘要：

● A higher sulfur content reduced the curing rate of Cr in glass.

关键词： Dechlorinated fly ash     SO3     Heavy metal     Chemical speciation     Glass solidification    

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节能环保工程水压爆破研究与应用

何广沂,段昌炎,荆山,王太超

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第9期   页码 43-48

摘要：

节能环保工程水压爆破是一种新的爆破技术，文章主要介绍该项技术提高炸药能量利用率和保护环境的理论分析和模拟试验，着重是创新突破点、关键技术和实际应用所取得的显著技术经济效果。

关键词： 工程水压爆破     模拟试验     能量利用率    

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油压极值比与极值比效率

齐茂林

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第4期   页码 73-75

摘要：

文章应用基础公式，推导液压系统油压极值比与极值比效率之间的关系式。该式说明，油压极值比越大，极值比效率就越低。提出了油压极值比是可以设计和选择的。

关键词： 油压极值比     极值比效率     液压系统    

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Effect of a promoter on the methanation activity of a Mo-based sulfur-resistant catalyst

Can LIN, Haiyang WANG, Zhenhua LI, Baowei WANG, Xinbin MA, Shaodong QIN, Qi SUN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 88-94 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1301-1

摘要： The effect of adding Co, Ni or La on the methanation activity of a Mo-based sulfur-resistant catalyst was investigated. As promoters, Co, Ni and La all improved the methanation activity of a 15% MoO /Al O catalyst but to different extents. Similar improvements were also found when Co, Ni or La was added to a 15% MoO /25%-CeO -Al O catalyst. The promotion effects of Co and Ni were better than that of La. However, the catalytic methanation activity deteriorated the most with time for the Ni-promoted catalyst. The used catalysts were analyzed by nitrogen adsorption measurement, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

关键词： sulfur-resistant     methanation     promoter    

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Controlling interstory drift ratio profiles via topology optimization strategies

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第2期   页码 165-178 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0892-3

摘要： An approach to control the profiles of interstory drift ratios along the height of building structures via topology optimization is proposed herein. The theoretical foundation of the proposed approach involves solving a min–max optimization problem to suppress the maximum interstory drift ratio among all stories. Two formulations are suggested: one inherits the bound formulation and the other utilizes a p-norm function to aggregate all individual interstory drift ratios. The proposed methodology can shape the interstory drift ratio profiles into inverted triangular or quadratic patterns because it realizes profile control using a group of shape weight coefficients. The proposed formulations are validated via a series of numerical examples. The disparity between the two formulations is clear. The optimization results show the optimal structural features for controlling the interstory drift ratios under different requirements.

关键词： interstory drift ratio     aggregation function     bound formulation     min–max problem     topology optimization    

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Combined biologic aerated filter and sulfur/ceramisite autotrophic denitrification for advanced wastewater

Tian WAN,Guangming ZHANG,Fengwei DU,Junguo HE,Pan WU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第6期   页码 967-972 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0690-9

摘要： An innovative advanced wastewater treatment process combining biologic aerated filter (BAF) and sulfur/ceramisite-based autotrophic denitrification (SCAD) for reliable removal of nitrogen was proposed in this paper. In SCAD reactor, ceramisite was used as filter and Ca(HCO ) was used for supplying alkalinity and carbon source. The BAF-SCAD was used to treat the secondary treatment effluent. The performance of this process was investigated, and the impact of temperature on nitrogen removal was studied. Results showed that the combined system was effective in nitrogen removal even at low temperatures (8 °C). Removal of total nitrogen (TN), -N, N reached above 90% at room temperature. Nitrification was affected by the temperature and nitrification at low temperature (8 °C) was a limiting factor for TN removal. However, denitrification was not impacted by the temperature and the removal of -N maintained 98% during the experimental period. The reason of effective denitrification at low temperature might be the use of easily dissolved Ca(HCO ) and high-flux ceramisite, which solved the problem of low mass transfer efficiency at low temperatures. Besides, vast surface area of sulfur with diameter of 2–6 mm enhanced the rate of microbial utilization. The removal of nitrate companied with the production of , and the average concentration of was about 240 mg·L . These findings would be beneficial for the application of this process to nitrogen removal especially in the winter and cold regions.

关键词： autotrophic denitrification     biologic aerated filter (BAF)     sulfur/ceramisite-based autotrophic denitrification (SCAD)     advanced nitrogen removal    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Development and application of ex-situ presulfurization technology for hydrotreating catalysts in China

Yulan GAO, Xiangchen FANG, Zhenmin CHENG

期刊论文

An investigation of reaction furnace temperatures and sulfur recovery

S. ASADI, M. PAKIZEH, M. POURAFSHARI CHENAR

期刊论文

amino-functionalized University of Oslo 66 membranes as efficacious polysulfide barriers for lithium−sulfur

期刊论文

Tuning nitrogen defects and doping sulfur in carbon nitride for enhanced visible light photocatalytic

期刊论文

Theoretical study on the mechanism of sulfur migration to gas in the pyrolysis of benzothiophene

期刊论文

Deciphering the effect of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate on up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket treatment of synthetic sulfate-containing wastewater

期刊论文

Kombucha SCOBY-based carbon and graphene oxide wrapped sulfur/polyacrylonitrile as a high-capacity cathodein lithium-sulfur batteries

Krishnaveni Kalaiappan, Subadevi Rengapillai, Sivakumar Marimuthu, Raja Murugan, Premkumar Thiru

期刊论文

Denitrification performance and sulfur resistance mechanism of Sm–Mn catalyst for low temperature NH-SCR

期刊论文

zirconium-based metal-organic framework-801 films on carbon cloth as shuttle-inhibiting interlayers for lithium-sulfur

期刊论文

Effects of sulfur on variations in the chemical speciation of heavy metals from fly ash glass

期刊论文

节能环保工程水压爆破研究与应用

何广沂,段昌炎,荆山,王太超

期刊论文

油压极值比与极值比效率

齐茂林

期刊论文

Effect of a promoter on the methanation activity of a Mo-based sulfur-resistant catalyst

Can LIN, Haiyang WANG, Zhenhua LI, Baowei WANG, Xinbin MA, Shaodong QIN, Qi SUN

期刊论文

Controlling interstory drift ratio profiles via topology optimization strategies

期刊论文

Combined biologic aerated filter and sulfur/ceramisite autotrophic denitrification for advanced wastewater

Tian WAN,Guangming ZHANG,Fengwei DU,Junguo HE,Pan WU

期刊论文